Chapter 2
Fundamentals of Stochastic Analysis
Takashi Yasuoka
Abstract
This chapter briefly summarizes basic concepts of stochastic calculus, using intuitive examples. First, the fundamentals of probability spaces are introduced by working with a simple example of a stochastic process. Next, stochastic processes are introduced in connection with a natural filtration and a martingale. Then, we introduce a stochastic integral and Ito`s formula, which is an important tool for solving stochastic differential equations. Finally, we address some fundamental examples of stochastic differential equations, which simply model the price process of a financial asset.
Although these subjects are applied in practice to interest rate modeling, the definitions are given for the one-dimensional case for the sake of simplicity. We complement this with some basic results for multi-dimensional cases in Section 2.7, at the end of this chapter.
Total Pages: 31-52 (22)
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